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From: tirumala@cae.wisc.edu (Vadakpat Tirumalai) Newsgroups: rec.music.indian.misc Subject: the small sized Urdu dictionary (:-)) Message-ID: <1992Nov20.184327.15612@doug.cae.wisc.edu> Date: 20 Nov 92 18:43:26 CST Organization: U of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering Lines: 1973

From prabhu@corvus.arc.nasa.gov Fri May 22 15:47:41 1992 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ################################################################################ Alphabet -------- Vowel Pronunciation Key ----------------------- a : "u" in "but" aa : "a" in "far" e : "e" in "bed" i : "i" in "fit" ee : "ee" in "feet" o : "o" in "code" u : "u" in "put" oo : "oo" in "booed" au : "ow" in "how" ai : "ei" in "neighbor"

Notes: 1. ' indicates a glottal stop (pronounced like "uh") in very careful ----- speech. Normally, however, it is not pronounced at the beginning of a word and in other positions it represents 'aa'. 2. The combination 'ah' at the end of a word is pronounced like 'aa' or 'e'. For example: 'jagah' could be 'jagaa' or 'jage', i.e., the h is silent. 3. The combination 'ah' or 'aH' in the middle of a word is pronounced like 'e'. 4. n. (n period) indicates nasalization. 5. a - is used to distinguish between sh and s+h, kh and k+h, etc.

Letter Transcription Remarks ------ ------------- -------

'alif : a Could also stand for an unspecified initial vowel be : b pe : p Does not occur in Arabic te : t Used in native words Te : T Does not occur in Arabic and Persian se : s Used in loan words jeem : j che : ch Does not occur in Arabic baRi he : H Used in loan words khe : kh daal : d Daal : D Does not occur in Arabic and Persian zaal : z Used in loan words re : r Re : R Does not occur in Arabic and Persian ze : z Used in native words zhe : zh Does not occur in Arabic seen : s sheen : sh saad : s Used in loan words zaad : z Used in loan words to-e : t Used in loan words zo-e : z Used in loan words ain : ' Could also stand for an unspecified initial vowel ghain : gh fe : f qaaf : q kaaf : k gaaf : g Does not occur in Arabic laam : l meem : m noon : n vaa-o : w Stands for oo/o/au at the end of a word. In the middle it could stand for w/oo/o/au chhoTi he: h Used in native words chhoTi ye: y Stand for ee/e/ai at the end of a word. In the middle it could stand for y/ee/e/ai baRi ye : y Occurs only at the end of a word and stands for e or ai

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Abbreviations -------------

Grammatical Word Origin ----------- ----------- n.f. : noun feminine P : Persian n.m. : noun masculine A : Arabic pron. : pronoun T : Turkish adj. : adjective H : Hindi v. : verb S : Sanskrit adv. : adverb G : Greek conj. : conjunction intj. : interjection prep. : preposition suff. : suffix pref. : prefix fig. : figurative plu. : plural lit. : literal poet. : poetic

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Vocabulary ----------

'alif (long) ------------ aab: P n.m. water aab: P n.f. splendor/elegance/polish/brightness/ temper(steel)/lustre(gems)/sharpness(sword) aab-e-aa'inah: n.f. polish of a mirror aab-e-talkh: n.m. bitter water/tears/wine aab-e-chashm: n.m. tears aabaad: P adj. populated/inhabited/peopled/prosperous/happy aabru: P n.f. honor/fame/good name/dignity aap: H pron. self/selves/respectful term of address aatish: P n.f. fire aatmaa: S n.f. soul/spirit/mind aasim: A n.m. sinner/culprit aakhir: A adj. last/final aadaab: A n.m. manners (plu. of adab) aadmi: P n.m. man (lit. offspring of Adam) aadmiyyat: A n.f. humanity/human nature/civility aaraa: P adj. embellishing/adorning aaraam: P n.m. rest/repose/respite/relief/ease/comfort aara'ish P n.f. decoration/adornment/beauty aarzoo: P n.f. yearning/desire/wish/longing aaz: P n.f. ardent desire/lust/covetousness aazaad: P n.f. free/unrestrained aazardah: P adj. annoyed/dejected/uneasy/gloomy/sad aazmaa'ish: P n.f. trial/experiment/testing/proving aas: H n.f. longing/desire/hope/faith/shelter/refuge aasaan: P adj. light/facile/easy aasraa: H n.m. means of subsistence/protection/shelter aasmaan: P n.m. heaven/sky aasmaani: P adj. heavenly/celestial/azure aasoodah: P adj. opulent/rich/satisfied aashaa: S n.f. desire/hope/longing aashuftah: P adj. perplexed/careworn/distracted/confused aashnaa: P n.m. aquaintance/friend/lover aashiyaan.: P n.m. nest/house aakhaaz: P n.m. commencement/outset/beginning aaghosh: P n.f/m. embrace/lap/bosom aafaat: A n.f. evils/disasters/misfortunes (plu. of aafat) aaftaab: P n.m. sun aag: H n.f. flame/fire (fig. anger/passion/love/lust) aalaap: H n.f. conversation/preparatory tuning aan.ch: H n.f. flame/warmth/fervor/loss/grief aan.chal: H n.m. corner of the 'dopaTTa' worn by women aan.dhee: H n.f. dust-storm/hurricane aan.soo: H n.m. tears aawaarah: P adj. without home aawaarah: P n.m. wanderer/vagrant/destitute aawaaz: P n.f. noise/sound/cry/shout aawaazah: P n.m. rumor/fame/report/reputation aah: P n.f. sigh aahistah: P adv. softly/leisurely/slowly aa'inah: P n.m. mirror aayandah: P adj. hereafter/in the future

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'alif (short) ------------- ab: H adv. now/presently ubaal: H n.m. boiling/rage/anger ibtidaa': A n.f. commencement/beginning abtar: P adj. ruined/scattered/worthless ibtisaam: A n.m. smile/cheerfulness ibtilaa: A n.m. trial/misfortune/suffering abad: A n.f. eternity abr: P n.m. cloud abroo: P n.m. eyebrow absaar: A n.m. eyes (plu. of basr) ibn: A n.m. son abnaa': A n.m. sons (plu. of ibn) ittiHaad: A n.m. union/alliance ittifaaq: A n.m. agreement/concord/chance/event/opportunity ittifaaqaan: A adv. accidentally ittikaa': A n.m. dependence/reliance itlaaf: A n.m. loss/ruin/decay itmaam: A n.m. completion/perfection ittihaam: A n.m. charge/imputation/blame aTak: H n.f. obstacle/obstruction isbaat: A n.m. proof asar: A n.m. mark/sign/trace/effect ujaaR: H adj. ruined/waste/abandoned ijaazat: A n.f. permission/leave/sanction ajnabee: A n.m. stranger/foreigner/alien iHtiyaaj: A n.f. need iHtiyaat: A n.f. caution/heed aHzaan: A n.m. sorrows (plu. of huzn) iHsaas: A n.m. feeling/emotion iHsaan: A n.m. beneficence/favor/good deed akhbaar: A n.m. news/newspaper ikhtiyaar: A n.m. choice/option/power/influence/control/authority akhz: A n.m. grasping/seizing/taking ikhlaas: A n.m. sincerity/purity/love/selfless worship adaa: A n.f. payment of debt/settlement adaa: P n.f. charm/grace/beauty idraak: A n.m. perception/comprehension adib: A n.m. learned, man of letters (plu. udabaa') iraadah: A n.m. aim/object/will/desire arjmand: P adj. exalted urdoo: T n.f. army/camp irshaad: A n.m. instruction/order/command/guidance arz: A n.f. land/region/earth armaan: P n.m. desire/yearning/wish azal: A n.f. eternity/without beginning asaas: A n.f. foundation asbaab: A n.m. causes/motives/means ustaad: P n.m. master/professor isti'faa: A n.m. resignation isti'maal: A n.m. application/usage/use asad: A n.m. lion asraar: A n.m. secrets (plu. of sirr) israaf: A n.m. waste/extravagance asfaar: A n.m. voyages/travels (plu. of safar) asqaam: A n.m. evils/weaknesses/defects (plu. of suqm) asir: A n.m. prisoner/captive ishaarah: P n.m. gesture/symbol/wink/sign ishtihaar: A n.m. notification/poster/reputation/renown ishtiyaaq: A n.m. longing/craving/desire ishraaq: A n.m. dawn/day break/lustre ashfaaq: A n.m. favors (plu. of shafaq) ishfaaq: A n.m. compassion/kindness ashqiyaa': A n.m. cruel/heartless (plu. of shaqi) ashk: P n.m. tearS as-haab: A n.m. lords/masters (plu. of saahib) israar: A n.m. obduracy/persistence/obstinacy asl: A n.m. root/foundation/essence (plu. usool) asli: A adj. original/genuine/real/true iztiraab: A n.m. restlessness/perturbation/anxiety iztiraar: A n.m. helplessness/agitation/constraint atfaal: A n.m. children/offspring (plu. of tifl) iz-haar: A n.m. disclosure/proclamation/statement/testimony i'tibaar: A n.m. trust/confidence/faith/reliance i'tiraaz: A n.m. objection/criticism/protest i'jaaz: A n.m. miracle/marvel/wonder i'laam: A n.m announcing/notifying aghlaat: A n.f. mistakes (plu. of ghalat) aghyaar: A n.m. strangers/rivals (plu. of ghair) uftaad: P n.f. misery/distress/mishap/foundation iftikhaar: A n.m. honor/glory/repute/distinction ifraat: A n.f. excess/exuberance/plenty afsaanah: P n.m. tale/legend/fiction afsurdah: P adj. melancholy/depressed afsos: P n.m. regret/remorse/dejection ufaq: A n.m. horizon iqbaal: A n.m. prosperity/good fortune/success/confession iqraar: A n.m. promise/pledge/confession/declaration/covenant iqtizaa': A n.m. requirement/need/demand akbar: A adj. greatest (sup. of kabir) aksar: A adj. most/much/many/frequent aksar: A adv. frequently/usually/generally/often agar: P conj. if/in case al: A art. the iltifaat: A n.m. regard/kindness/favor/friendship alfaaz: A n.m. words (plu. of lafz) amaanat: A n.f. something given in trust/deposit/security imtiHaan: A n.m. examination/test/trial/proof/experiment imtiyaaz: A n.m. discrimination/discernment/distinction ummid: P n.f. hope/expectation/trust intikhaab: A n.m. selection/choice/election intizaar: A n.m. waiting (anxiously)/expectation intizaam: A n.m. management/order/method/arrangement intiqaam: A n.m. revenge/reprisal anjaam: A n.m. end/conclusion/result/issue anjuman: P n.f. assembly/meeting/society/council andaazah: P n.m. measurement/guess/rough estimate an.dar: P prep. within/inside/inward insaan: A n.m. man/human being/mankind insaaniyyat: A n.m. humanity/civility in'aam: A n.m. gift/reward/largesse inqilaab: A n.m. revolution inkaar: A n.m. denial/contradiction auqaat: A n.m. times (plu. of waqt) auqaat: A n.f. status/position awwaal: A adj. first/excellent/best aulaad: A n.f. children (plu. of walad) imaan: A n.m. belief/faith/creed/conscience

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be -- bi: A prep. by/with/from/in/into/near/on/for/towards (Always prefixed to another word) ba: P prep. by/with/from/in/into/to/on/upon/for/upto (Always prefixed to another word) baa: P prep. with/by/possessed of baab: A n.m. door/gate/chapter/topic/subject baabul: H n.m. father baat: H n.f. word/saying/speech/tale/news/question/business proposal/point/gossip/substance baad: P n.f. wind/air/breeze baadshaah: P n.m. emperor/king baadal: H n.m. cloud(s) baadah: P n.m. wine/spirits baadiyah: A n.m. wilderness/desert baadiyah: P n.m. goblet/cup baar: H n.m. time/turn/chance/opportunity/delay/obstacle baar: P n.m. burden/load/permission/grief/court baarish: P n.m. rain baarah: P n.m. time/turn/about/in regard of baareek: P adj. fine/slender/delicate/difficult/subtle baaz: P suff. denotes doer/agent baaz: P n.m. falcon baaz: P adv. again/back/refusing baazaar: P n.m. market baazaaree: P adj. common/low/vulgar/relating to the market baazoo: P n.m. arm/fold of a door/flank of an army baazi: P n.f. sport/game/wager baazichah: P n.m. toy/fun/sport baagh: P n.m. garden/orchard/grove baaqee: A adj. remaining/lasting baaqee: A n.f. residue/remainder/arrears baalam: S n.m. a lover/sweet-heart/husband baam: P n.m. upper storey/terrace/balcony baan: P suff. signifying keeper or guardian baan.kaa: H adj. curved/crooked/sly/cunning baano: P n.f. lady/gentlewoman bachchah: P n.m. child baHaal: A adj. status quo/refreshed/happy baHs: A n.f. dispute/argument/debate/controversy bukhaar: A n.m. steam/temperature/fever/rage bakht: P n.m. good fortune/luck/prosperity bakhshish: P n.f. gift/donation/reward/alms/tip bad: P adj. bad/wicked/evil bad akhtar: adj. unfortunate bad anjaam: adj. having a bad end bad tar: adj. worse/inferior bad chalan: adj. of bad conduct/ill-mannered/immoral bad khwaab: n.m./f. nightmare bad du'aa: n.f. curse/malediction bad sirat: adj. ill-tempered bad soorat: adj. ugly bad m'aash: adj. roguish bad naam: adj. disreputable/notorious/ignominous bad naseeb: adj. unfortunate/unlucky badr: A n.m. full moon badal: A n.m. exchange/change/substitution badlaa: n.m. exchange/retaliation/revenge badan: A n.m. body baraabar: P adj. equal/even/level/alike/opposite/accurate bardaasht: P n.f. endurance/tolerance/patience barsaat: H n.f. rain/rainy season barkat: A n.f. abundance/prosperity/blessing/auspiciousness baRhiyaa: H adj. superior/of good quality/expensive buzurg: P adj. great/venerable/aged/noble bazm: P n.f. assembly/company (at a feast or entertainment) bas: P adj. sufficient/enough/plenty bisaat: A n.f. bedding/carpet/chess board/extent/capacity bast: P n.m. obstacle/knot/asylum/sanctuary bistar: P n.m. bed bismil: P n.m. sacrificial animal/a lover baseraa: H n.m. roosting/a night's lodging/shelter bashar: A n.m. man/mortal basheer: A adj. a messenger of good news basar: A n.f. sight/vision/the eye baghaawat: A n.f. revolt/rebellion/disloyalty baghal: P n.f. armpit/side balaa: A n.m. calamity/distress/trial/misfortune buland: P adj. high/lofty/sublime/exalted/tall/loud billaur: P n.m. crystal/crystal glass/transparent ban.dish: P adj. composition/elegance of style/plan/obstruction ban.dagi: P n.f. devotion/worship/service bandah: P n.m. slave/servant/individual/man bunyaad: A n.f. foundation bood: P n.f. being/existence bahaadur: P adj. brave/valiant/high-spirited bahaar: P n.f. spring/prime/bloom/beauty/glory/delight bahaanah: P n.m. excuse/pretext/evasion/reason bhool: H n.f. forgetfulness/omission/mistake/lapse/fault bhool bhulayyaan.: a maze/labyrinth be: P pref. without/void of be aabroo: adj. dishonorable be ittifaaqi: n.f. discord/disunity be iHtiyaati: n.f. incautiousness be ikhtiyaari: n.f. helplessness/without choice be adab: adj. rude/unmannerly be i'tibaar: adj. untrustworthy/discredit be imtiyaaz: adj. indiscriminating be an.daazah: adj. unlimited/endless be insaaf: adj. unfair/unjust be imaan: adj. faithless/liar/cheat be bas: adj. helpless/weak be pardah: adj. unveiled/immodest/exposed be parwaa: adj. heedless/indifferent/above want be taab: adj. restless/powerless/impatient be taasir: adj. ineffectual/useless be tameez: adj. indiscreet/rude/uncultured be jaan: adj. lifeless be jurm: adj. faultless be chain: adj. restless/uneasy be Hadd: adj. endless/boundless be Hayaa: adj. shameless/impudent/bare-faced be khabar: adj. uninformed/ignorant/stupid be khataa: adj. faultless/innocent be khud: adj. enraptured/in ecstasy/delirious/senseless be daad: n.f. iniquity/injustice/oppression be daagh: adj. spotless/without blemish/innocent be dard: adj. without feeling/pitiless/merciless be rahm: adj. merciless/cruel be riyaa: adj. without guile/candid/sincere be zaar: adj. disgusted/displeased be zabaan: adj. dumb/speechless/modest be zar: adj. destitute/poor be sakhtah: adj. artless/unaffected/natural/plain be saaz: adj. without tools or apparatus be sabab: adj. without cause or reason be sharm: adj. shameless/immodest be sabr: adj. impatient be taaqat: adj. powerless be 'izzat: adj. without honor or respect be gham: adj. happy/without sorrow be fikr: adj. free from care or worry be qadr: adj. worthless be qaraar: adj. uneasy/restless/unsettled be qusoor: adj. innocent/not guilty be kaar: adj. idle/unemployed/useless be kas: adj. friendless/lonely be gunaah: adj. innocent/guiltless be ma'ni: adj. meaningless/absurd be naam: adj. without name, character or reputation be naseeb: adj. unfortunate be nazir: adj. unequalled/matchless/unique be wajh: adj. without cause be wafaa: adj. faithless/ungrateful/treacherous be waqoof: adj. foolish/stupid/dolt be hunar: adj. unskilled be hosh: adj. unconscious bayaabaan: P n.m. desert/wilderness bayaan: A n.m. description/statement/account bait: A n.m. house/abode bait: A n.f. couple/verse bedaar: P adj. awake/alert/vigilant bezaar: P adj. displeased/angry/out of humor begaanah: P adj. strange/alien/foreign bimaar: P adj. sick/ill

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pe -- paa: P n.m. leg/foot/root of a tree paa ban.d: n.m fettered/bound/subjugated paa maal: adj. trodden under foot/ruined paa yaab: adj. fordable/within man's depth paar: H n.m. opposite bank/the end/termination paas: P n.m. custody/regard/supervision paas baan: n.m. guard/sentinel paar daari: n.f. favor/partiality/favoritism pak: P adj. pure/holy/immaculate/chaste/undefiled pakeezah: P adj. pure/clean/neat paagal: H adj. mad/insane/idiotic/distressed paani: H n.m. water/rain/lustre/character/honor pardah: P n.m. curtain/screen/veil/secrecy/privacy parastish: P n.m. worship paraknaa: H v. to examine/to test parwaanah: P n.m. moth/lover/warrant/permission parwarish: P n.f. fostering/rearing/sustenance/protecting pariwash: P adj. fairy-like/beautiful pareshaan: P adj. troubled/distracted/distressed pasand: P n.f. choice/approval/preference pasinaa: H n.m. perspiration/sweat pashemaan: P n.f. penitent/repentant/ashamed pal: H n.m. a moment palak: H n.f. eyelash/a moment/an instant panaah: P n.f. protection/asylum/refuge pahlu: P n.m. side/advantage/flank of an army payaam: P n.m. message peshaah: P n.m. craft/trade/profession paighaam: P n.m. message/news/advice paimaan: P n.m. promise/agreement/oath/confirmation

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te -- taab: P n.f. heat/power/endurance/rage taabish: P n.f. heat/splendour/grief/sorrow taasir: A n.f. effect/impression taj: P n.m. crown/tiara taarikh: A n.f. date/annals taarik: P adj. dark/obscure taazah: P adj. fresh/new/tender/happy taak: P n.f. look/regard/aim/view tabaah: P adj. ruined/spoiled/depraved/wretched tabdeel: A n.f. change tabassum: A n.m. smile/smiling tajribah: A n.m. experience/experiment/test/proof toHfaa: A n.m. a gift takht: P n.m. throne/seat tadbir: A n.f. deliberation/opinion/advice/arrangement/order taraanah: P n.m. harmony/symphony/a kind of song tarjumaan: A n.m. interpreter tars: P n.m. fear/terror tars: H n.m. compassion/pity/mercy tarraqqee: A n.f. elevation/promotion/proficiency tarkeeb: A n.f. composition/mixture/plan/mode/method tasallee: A n.f. consolation/comfort/satisfaction tasleem: A n.f. salutation/greeting/resignation/submission tashreef: A n.f. honoring tishnagi: A n.f. thirst/desire/longing tasawwur: A n.m. imagination/fancy/idea tasawwuf: A n.m. mysticism tasweer: A n.f. picture/portrait/painting ta'ajjub: A n.m. wondering/admiration/amazement/surprise ta'areef: A n.f. explanation/description/praise/definition ta'alluq: A n.m. connection/relation/consideration taqaazaa: A n.m. demanding settlement of a debt/importunity taqdeer: A n.f. fate/luck taqriban: A adv. approximately taqwaa: A n.f. piety/abstinence/fear of God takleef: A n.f. imposition of a burden/difficulty/inconvenience talaash: A n.f. search/inquiry/quest talkh: P adj. bitter/acrimonious/pungent/unpalatable talwaar: H n.f. sword tamaashaa: A n.m. entertainment/fun/amusement/sport/spectacle tamaam: A adj. entire/complete/perfect/end tameez: A n.f. discernment/judgement/observance of etiquette tan: P n.m. body tanqiH: A n.f. cleaning/investigation/inquiry/issue tangi: P n.f. narrowness/hardship/poverty tanhaa: P adj. alone/solitary taubah: P n.m. repentance taubah taubah: intj. Heaven forbid! tauheen: A n.f. disgrace/contempt/defamation/dishonor/insult taiyaar: P adj. ready/prepared/finished/alert/ripe teer: P n.m. arrow tez: P adj. sharp/keen/caustic/pungent/swift/clever tegh: P n.m. sword/dagger

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Te -- Taan.g: H n.f. the leg/a share Tapaknaa: H v. to leak/to drip/to fall down (fruits) Takkar: H n.f. collision/encounter/rivalry/competition TukRaa: H n.m. a piece/a morsel/a part/fraction TooT: H n.f. breaking/fracture/loss Thikaanaa: H n.m. fixed abode/proper place/goal/limit ThanD: H n.f. cold/chill Thokar: H n.f. obstacle/kick/stumble TeRh: H n.f. crookedness

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se -- saabit: A adj. confirmed/established/fixed/stable saabit: A n.m. a fixed star saaqib: A adj. shining brightly/splendid/sublime sabaat: A n.m. stability/endurance/resolution/constancy sabt: A n.m. permanence/a seal/writing suboot: A n.m. evidence/proof/conviction/constancy/stability saarwat: A n.f. wealth/power/influence saraa: A n.m. the earth siqaafat: A n.f. culture siqaalat: A n.f. burden/weight siqaahat: A n.f. reliability/trustworthiness sawaab: A n.m. reward/recompense sawaabit: A n.m. the fixed stars (plu. of saabit)

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jeem ---- jaadu: P n.m. magic/conjuring/charm/effect of evil spirits jaazib: A adj. alluring/attractive jaaree: A adj. running/flowing/current/continuing jaagir: P n.f. a fief jaam: P n.m. goblet jaan: P n.f. soul/life/mind/vigor/sweetheart/beloved jaanee: P adj. of or relating to life jaanee: P n.m. a beloved/a lover jaahil: A adj. ignorant/illiterate/barbarous jaa'edaad: P n.f. property/estate/assets jaa'iz: H adj. legal/permitted jabeen.: P n.f. the forehead judaa: P adj. separate/apart/asunder/peculiar judaaee: P adj. separation/absence jazb: A n.m. allurement/attraction jazbah: A n.m. passion/rage/desire/feeling jurm: A n.m. crime/guilt jurmaanah: P n.m. fine/penalty justjoo: P n.f. search/inquiry jism: A n.m. body jashn: P n.m. a feast/celebration ja'l: A n.f. counterfeit jafaa: P n.f. oppression/injustice/injury jigar: P n.m. liver/heart/soul/mind jalaal: A n.m/f. splendor/majesty jalwah: A n.m. lustre/splendour/display/show jamaal: A n.m. beauty/elegance janaab: A intj. sir!/your honor! janaazah: A n.m. corpse/funeral jumbish: P n.f. movement jannat: A n.f. paradise/garden jang: P n.f. battle/war junoon: A n.m. madness/insanity jawaab: A n.m. answer/equal/parallel/match jawaan: P adj. young/youth jawaahir: A n.m. jewls/gems (plu. of jauhar) josh: P n.m. heat/zeal/enthusiasm/passion/lust jahaaz: A n.m. ship/vessel jahaan: P n.m. the world jahaannum: A n.f. hell jeewan: H n.m. life/existence

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che --- chaarah: P n.m. remedy/cure/help/aid/resource chaadar: P n.f. a sheet/veil/waterfall chaaq: T adj. active/alert/healthy/fat/hale and hearty chaaqoo: P n.m. a small knife chaal: H n.f. gait/walk/custom/trick/strategem chaalaak: P adj. clever/expert/cunning/nimble chaan.d: H n.m. the moon chaan.dani: H n.f. moonlight chaan.di: H n.f. silver/wealth chaah: H n.f. desire/love/affection/need/choice chitwan: H n.f. look/glance/appearance charaagh: P n.m. lamp charaagaah: P n.f. meadow/pasture chust: P adj. alert/active/clever/quick/tight cashm: P n.f. eye/hope chasm-e-baddoor:intj. God preserve from evil eyes! chashm-o-chiraagh:n.m. light of the eye/dearly beloved chasmak: P n.m. wink/winking/misunderstanding/spectacles chakaan.: P adj. dropping/distilling chilman: H n.m. a venetian blind chamak: H n.f. glitter/splendour/flash/gleam chaman: P n.m. flower garden chand: P adj. how many/how much/few/how often/how long chah: P suff. used to form dimunitives chehraa: P n.m. face/visage/a mask cheez: P n.f. thing/commodity chain: H n.m. ease/comfort/rest/peace

Word beginning with baRi he/khe

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baRi he ------- Haatim: A n.m. generous (derived from Haatim Tai) Haadisah: A n.m. accident/occurence/calamity/misfortune Haazir: A adj. present/ready/in attendance Haakim: A n.m. ruler/governor/judge/an official Haal: A n.m. state/condition/narrative/circumstance Haalat: A n.f. condition/state/circumstance (plu. Haalaat) Hubb: A n.f. love/friendship/desire/affection/wish Habeeb: A n.m. beloved/sweetheart/comrade/friend Hijaab: A n.m. veil/modesty/bashfulness/night Hadd: A n.f. boundary/limit Hadd: A adv. very/at most/utmost point Hiddat: A n.f. sharpness/fury/acrimony/poignancy Hads: A n.m. novelty/innovation Hudood: A n.m/f. boundaries/penal laws Hizaaqat: A n.m. Intelligence/wisdom Haraarat: A n.f. heat/fever/ardor/fervor/zeal Haraam: A adj. unlawful/forbidden Hirs: A n.f. eager/greediness/desire/ambition Hoorriyat: A n.f. emancipation/freedom Hazm: A n.m. firmness of mind/resolve Huzn: A n.m. grief/sadness/sorrow Hisaab: A n.m. reckoning/account/computation/rate/sense Hasrat: A n.f. regret/intense sorrow/desire/longing Husn: A n.f. beauty/elegance Haseen: A adj. beautiful/elegant/charming/handsome Hashmat: A n.f. state/dignity/pomp/retinue Hisaar: A n.m. fort/enclosure/fence Husool: A n.m. acquisition/profit/advantage/achievement Hissah: A n.m. share/portion/lot Hazrat: A n.m. dignity/a title of respect Huzoor: A n.m. presence of superior authority Huzoor: A intj. Your Highness! Hifaazat: A n.f. guarding/security/safety Haqq: A adj. just/truth/right Haqeeqat: A n.f. truth/reality/narration/condition Hukm: A n.m. order/decree/statute/law Hikmat: A n.f. wisdom/knowledge/cleverness/device Hakeem: A n.m. wise man/doctor/philosopher Halaal: A adj. legal/permitted Himaayat: A n.f. protection/patronage/support/defence Hamlah: A n.m. attack/assault/invasion Hawaas: A n.m. the senses Hawaalah: A n.m. charge/custody/care Hoor: A n.f. virgin of Paradise/nymph Hausalah: A n.m. capacity/courage/spirit/resolution/desire Hayaa: A n.f. modesty/shame Hayaat: A n.f. life/existence Haiseeyat: A n.f. rank/capacity/merit/status/prestige Hairaan: A adj. amazed/confounded/perplexed/worried

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khe --- khaas: A adj. special/particular/private/noble/unmixed khaatir: A n.f. the heart/mind/memory/sake/behalf/choice/favor khaak: P n.f. dust/earth/ashes khaalis: A adj. pure/genuine/sincere(friend) khaam: P adj. raw/green/inexpert/immature/vain khaamosh: P adj. silent khaandaan: P n.m. family/lineage/dynasty khaanum: P n.f. lady/princess/wife khaanah: P n.m. house/room/compartment/partition khabar: A n.f. news/information/report/rumor/notice khatm: A n.m. conclusion/seal khatm: A adj. finished/done khajaalat: A n.m. shame/bashfulness khajaalat: P adj. happy/auspicious/blessed khuda: P n.m. God khidmat: A n.f. service/office/duty kharaab: A adj. bad/depraved/ruined/spoiled/wretched/obscene khurram: P adj. happy khareed: P n.f. purchase khazaan.: P n.f. autumn/decay/old age khizaanah: P n.m. treasury/treasure khastah: P adj. wounded/broken/sorrowful khushk: P adj. dry/withered/cynic khatt: A n.m. letter/note/mark khataa: A n.f. mistake/slio/oversight/error khutbah: A n.m. sermon/oration/introduction khatrah: A n.m. danger/fear/risk khafaa: A n.f. concealment/secrecy khafaa: P adj. angry/displeased khalaas: A n.m. deliverance/redemption/freedom khilaaf: A n.m. opposition/contraiety/falsehood khilaaf: A prep. against khalish: P n.f. prick/pain/anxiety/apprehension khumaar: A n.m. intoxication khanjar: A n.m. dagger khwaab: P n.m. sleep/dream khwaar: P adj. wretched/deserted/friendless/poor khwaahish: P n.f. desire/request/demand khoob: P adj. good/excellent/beautiful/amiable khood: P n./adj. self/private/personal/own khoodi: P n.f. egotism/vanity/presence of mind khoorsheed: P n.m. sun khoosh: P adj. pleasing/happy khoon: P n.m. blood/murder khiyaaban: P n.m. flower-bed/flower garden khayaal: A n.m. thought/imagination/opinion/care/respect khair: A adj. good/best khair: A adv. very well khair: A n.f. welfare/happiness

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daal ---- daakhil: A adj. entering daad: P n.m. justice/appeal/revenge/praise daar: P n.f. gallows/a piece of wood daar: P suff. having/holding daar: A n.m. house/country daaraa: P n.m. holder/sovereign/king daaru: H n.f. alcohol daaru: P n.f. medicine/remedy daastaan: P n.f. story/fable/tale daagh: P n.m. scar/blemish/stain/calamity/grief/loss daam: P n.m. net/snare daam: H n.m. price/value daaman: P n.m. skirt/foot of a mountain/a lap daanaa: P adj. wise/learned daanistah: P adv. knowingly daanish: P n.f. knowledge/science/learning daa'im: A adj. perpetual/permanent dakhl: A n.m. entrance/access/reach/skill dar: P n.m. door/gate/entrance dar: P prep. in/into/within/to/about/by durr: A n.m. pearl daraaz: P adj. long/tall/extended darbaar: P n.m. court (royal) darkhwaasht: P n.f. request/petition/appeal dard: P n.m. pain/affliction/sympathy/compassion dars: H n.m. sight/view/look durust: P adj. right/proper/well/safe/precise durusht: P adj. rough/hard/rigid/oppressive/fierce darmiyan: P n.m. middle/midst/interval darwaazah: P n.m. door/gate darya: P n.m. a large river/sea duzd: P n.m. thief dastoor: P n.m. custom/usage/manner/rule dushman: P n.m. enemy dushnaam: P n.f. abuse/invective dushwaar: P adj. difficult du'aa: A n.f. blessing/prayer/wish da'wat: A n.f. invitation/banquet da'waa: A n.m. claim/law suit/charge/demand/accusation daghaa: P n.f. deceit/treachery/delusion daf'a: A n.f. time/turn/section/class dafn: A n.m. burial/concealment diqqat: A n.f. difficulty/intricacy/minute point dil: P n.m. heart/soul/courage/generosity/wish dil aawar: adj. brave/valiant dilbar: adj. lovely/sweetheart dil band: adj. charming/attractive dil chasp: adj. interesting/pleasing/delightful dil kharaash: adj. heart rending dil daar: adj. charming/beloved dil daar: n.m. sweetheart dil daari: n.f. consolation dil doz: adj. heart-piercing dil rubaa: adj. fascinating/alluring dil rubaa: adj. fascinating/alluring dil rubaa: n.m. sweetheart dil sokhtah: adj. grieved/suffering dil soz: adj. touching/pathetic/passionate/ardent dil shaad: adj. cheerful dil fareb: adj. charming/alluring/enticing/beautiful dil figaar: adj. melancholy dil kash: adj. attractive/winning dil geer: adj. melancholy dil lagi: n.f. amusement/diversion dil nawaaz: adj. soothing (the mind) dilaasaa: P n.m. consolation/encouragement dam: P n.m. breath/vitality/moment/edge of a sword dimaagh: A n.m. brain/intellect/airs/conceit dunyaa: A n.f. world/worldly goods dawaa: A n.m. medicine door: P adj. distant/remote/far daur: A n.m. revolving/period/cycle/orbit dost: P n.m. friend/lover daulat: A n.f. riches/fortune/happiness/cause/means diyaar: A n.m. country/region deedaar: P n.m. sight/interview deedah: P n.m. the eye deen: A n.m. faith/religion deewaar: P n.f. a wall deewaanah: P n.m. madman

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Daal ---- Daabar: H n.m. lake/pond/water pot Daakaa: H n.m. robbery Dar: H n.m. fear Dagar: H n.f. path/road

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zaal ---- zaat: A n.f. being endowed with/soul/self/caste/race zaati: A adj. innate/inherent/essential/natural zaakir: A adj. remembering/grateful zaakir: A n.m. grateful person/obe who praises God zikr: A n.m. remembrance/memory/Qur'an recital zillaat: A n.f. insult/dishonor/affront/abjectness zaleel: A adj. abject/base/wretched/contemptible zauq: A n.m. taste zehn: A n.m. acumen/wit/sagacity/understanding

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re -- raaHat: A n.f. rest/repose/comfort/tranquility/ease raaz: P n.m. mystery/secret raast: P adj. true/honest/straight/even/level raastah: P n.m. path/road/manner raazi: A adj. willing/satisfied/agreed/pleased raah: P n.f. road/pathcustom/journey/method raah bar: n.m. a guide raah numaa: n.m. conductor/leader/guide rabb: A n.m. creator/god rahm: A n.m. mercy/pity/compassion/kindness/tenderness rukh: P n.m. face/cheek/side/point rukhsaar: P n.m. face/cheek/complexion/aspect rukhsat: A n.f. leave/permission/dismissal/indulgence radd: A n.m. rejection/repulsion/returning razm: P n.m. war/battle rasm: A n.f. marking/writing/established usage/model/law rasan: P n.f. rope/string/cord ruswaa: A adj. infamous/dishonored/disgraced rasool: A n.m. a prophet rishtah: P n.m. thread/line/relationship/kinship/alliance rashk: P n.m. jealousy/envy/malice/spite raghbat: P n.f. strong desire/esteem/pleasure raftaar: P n.f. speed/pace/walk/motion rafi': A adj. high/sublime/exalted rafeeq: A n.m. friend/ally raqs: A n.m. dance/dancing raqeeb: A n.m. rival/competitor ran.j: P n.m. grief/sorrow/trouble/inconvience ran.jish: P n.m. grief/indignation/misunderstanding/anguish ran.g: P n.m. color/dye/fashion/enjoyment ran.geen: P adj. colored/lively/elegant/flowery/figurative rawaanah: P adj. despatched/proceeding rooH: A n.f. soul/spirit/life/essence/divine revelation roz: P n.m. a day roz: P adj. daily rozah: P n.m. a fast raushan/roshan: P adj. light/illuminated/bright/clear/splendid raunaq: A n.f. lustre/beauty/elegance/freshness resham: P n.m. silk

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Re -- This letter does not occur as the first letter of a word and hence there are no entries. The letter has the sound of a hardened 'r' and is often used interchangeably with Daal.

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ze -- zaar: P n.m. weeping/lamentation/garden/desire/wish zabaan: P n.f. tongue/language/flame (of a candle) zabar: P n.m. above/superior/greater/top zabardast: adj. vigorous/violent/tyrranical/superior zaHmat: A n.f. uneasiness of mind/trouble/pain zakhm: P n.m. wound/damage/loss zadah: P adj. struck/stricken/oppressed zar: P n.m. gold zukaam: A n.m. cold zulf: P n.f. curl/ringlet/tress zamaanah: P n.m. time/age/period zameen: P n.f. ground/earth zanjeer: P n.f. chain zindaan: P n.m. prison/jail zindagi: P n.f. life/living/existence zindah: P adj. alive/living zinhaar: P adv. never/by no means zinhaar: P intj. beware! zood: P adv. quickly/soon/suddenly zor: P n.m. force/strength/power/influence/stress zahr: P n.m. poison ziyaadah: P adj. too much/more/excessive ziyaarat: A n.f. pilgrimage/visit (a shrine) zebaa: P adj. adorned/beautiful/proper/graceful zeenat: A n.f. decoration/beauty

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zhe --- zhaalah: P n.m. hail/dew/frost zharf: P n.m. deep/penetrating/acute of mind zholeedah: P adj. dishevelled/entangled/intricate zhiyaan: P adj. terrible/furious/angry/rapacious

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seen ---- saajan: H n.m. lover/sweetheart/beloved saaHir: A n.m. magician saaHil: A n.m. shore/beach saadah: P adj. simple/plain/candid/sincere saaz: P n.m. apparatus/equipment/concord saazish: P n.f. conspiracy/intrigue/collusion saaqee: A n.m. cup-bearer/page/beloved saal: P n.m. year saalim: A adj. safe/sound/perfect/whole saamaan: P n.m. apparatus/custom/understanding/power saan.ch: H n.f. truth/reality saan.s: H n.m./f. breath/sigh saa'ir: A n.m. thw whole/the rest/wandering/walking/tax/duty saayah: P n.m. shadow/shade/shelter/apparition sabab: A n.m. cause/reason sabaq: A n.m. lesson/lecture/advancing subuk: P adj. light/delicate/trivial/frivolous/futile sitaarah: P n.m. star sitaan.: P adj. taking/seizing sitam: P n.m. oppression/tyranny/injustice/violence sajdah: A n.m. prostration saHar: A n.m. dawn/morning sakht: P adj. hard/firm/cruel/harsh/vehement sukhan: P n.m. speech/words/business/affair sukhan war: adj. eloquence sar: P n.m. head/top/pinnacle/origin/chief/desire sar afraaz: adj. exalted sar bastah: adj. hidden/secret sar basar: adv. wholly/entirely sar buland: adj. eminent/glorious sar taabee: n.f. rebellion sar taaj: n.m. chief/leader sar-e dast: adv. at present/immediately sar-e raah: adv. on the road sar zameen: n.f. country/limits/region sar-e shaam: n.f. about evening/evening sar-o saamaan: n.m. necessities/furniture/luggage siraaj: A n.m. lamp/candle/sun surkh: P adj. red sard: P adj. cold/damp/dull/dead suroor: A n.m. pleasure/joy/exhilaration sazaa: P n.f. correction/punishment/requital sust: P adj. loose/frail/lazy/slow/dull sifaarish: P n.f. recommendation safar: A n.m. journey safed: P adj. white saktah: P n.m. trance/swoon/pause sukoot: A n.f. silence/peace/rest/tranquility sukoon: A n.m. peace/rest/tranquility salaam: A n.m. salutation/peace/safety/compliment silsilah: A n.m. chain/series/pedigree/genealogy saleeqah: A n.m. good disposition/good taste/mode/skill sang: P n.m. stone/weight sanh: A n.m. year/era siwaa: P adv. except/save/but/besides sawaal: A n.m. question/petition/application/request/demand saudaa: P n.m. trade/marketing/goods soz: P n.m. burning/passion/vexation saugand: P n.m. oath soona: H adj. void/empty/desolate/lonely siyaah: P adj. black/dark/unfortunate/bad sair: A n.f. walk/excursion/recreation/amusement seerat: A n.m. quality/nature/disposition sailaab: A/P n.m. flood/deluge/torrent seenah: P n.m. chest/bosom

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sheen ----- shaabaash: P intj. bravo! well done! (contr. of shaadbaash) shaakh: P n.f. branch/bough/dilemma/difficulty/objection shaad: P adj. happy/cheerful/delighted shaadaab: P adj. full of water/fresh/agreeable/verdant shaa'ir: A n.m. poet shaagird: P n.m. pupil/apprentice/servant shaam: P n.f. evening shaamil: A adj. including/comprising/connected/mingled/common shaan: A n.f. dignity/glory/grandeur shaah: P n.m. king/prince/monarch shaahtir: n.m. a beam/roof support shahzaadah: n.m. prince shaayad: P adv. perhaps/probably shab: P n.f. night shab bakhair: intj. goodnight! shabnam: n.f. dew shabaab: A n.m. youth shabeenah: P adj. nocturnal shujaa': A adj. brave shakhs: A n.m. a person/individual/being/body sharaab: A n.f. wine/liquor sharaarah: A n.m. spark/gleam/flash sharaafat: A n.f. nobility/civility/good manners shart: A n.f. condition/agreement/wager sharm: P n.f. shame/modesty shuroo': A n.m. beginning shareef: A adj. noble/eminent/honorable shi'r: A n.m. verse/couplet shu'lah: A n.m. flame/blaze/flash/light shu'oor: A n.m. wisdom/intellect shafaqat: A n.f. kindeness/compassion/mercy shakk: A n.m. doubt/suspense/hesitation shikaar: P n.m. hunting/prey shikaayat: A n.f. complaint/accusation/illness shukr: A n.m. gratitude shakl: A n.f. form/appearance/model/image/diagram shikwah: A/P n.m. complaint/chiding shumaar: P n.m. counting/numbering/estimation/account shams: A n.m. the sun shamsher: P n.f. sword shama': A n.f. lamp/candle shinaas: P adj. knowing/acquainted with/intelligence shokh: P adj. playful/mischievous/bold/insolent shor: P n.m. noise/outcry/tumult/clamor/ardor shauq: A n.m. taste/fondness/desire/interest shahd: P n.m. honey shahr: P n.m. city shuhrat: A n.f. renown/fame/rumor shaheed: A n.m. martyr shaikh: A n.m. elder shekhi: A n.f. bragging sher: P n.m. lion/tiger/brave man shireen: P adj. sweet/pleasant/gentle shishah: P n.m. glass/bottle/glass pane shaitaan: A n.m. satan/devil/demon

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saad ---- saahib: A n.m. master/lord/ruler/companion/title saaf: A adj. clean/pure/innocent/clear/legible/plain subH: A n.f. morning/dawn sabr: A n.m. patience/endurance/submission/suffering suHbat: A n.f. companionship/society/conversation saHraa: A n.m. plain/desert saHeeH: A adj. right/correct/genuine/sound/pure/just sadr: A n.m. chest/bosom/chief sadmah: A n.m. shock/blow/calamity/collision/suffering sirf: A adj. only/mere/sheer sirf: A adv. purely/exclusively sa'oobat: A n.f. difficulty/hardship salaaH: A n.f. peace/treaty/integrity/advice/counsel sanam: A n.m. idol/sweetheart/mistress surat: A n.f. form/figure/countenance/aspect/manner/plight

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zaad ---- zaabit: A n.m. governor/master/possessor zaabit: A adj. strict/punctual/patient/disciplinarian zaabitah: A n.m. rule/custom/canon/law/code zaamin: A n.m. sponsor/surety/guarantor zaa'i: A adj. lost/destroyed/wasted/fruitless zidd: A n.f. the contrary/opposition/stubborness zarb: A n.f. injury/beating/impression (plu. zarbaat) zarar: A n.m. injury/damage/harm/affliction/loss/ruin zaroor: A adj. necessary/expedient/needful zaroor: A adv. certainly/absolutely zaroorat: A n.f. need/compulsion/want/exigency zu'f: A n.m. weakness/feebleness za'if: A adj. weak/infirm/feeble/old/faint zalaal: A n.m. error/fault/vice zamaanat: A n.f. surety/bond zameer: A n.f. mind/heart/thought/reflection/sense zau: A n.f. light/sunlight ziyaa: A n.f. light/splendour/brilliancy zeeq: A n.f. anguish/melancholy/

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to-e ---- taab: A adj. sweet/agreeable/pure/excellent taa'at: A n.f. obedience/devotion (plu. taa'aat) taaq: A n.m. arch/cupola/niche taaqat: A n.f. strength/power/might taalib: A n.m. seeker/enquirer/lover/candidate tabi'at: A n.f. nature/temperament/disposition tapaan.: P adj. palpitating/throbbing tarh: A n.m. manner/mode/form/design/plan tarz: A n.m. manner/fashion/way taraf: A n.f. side/margin/direction tariqah: A n.m. method/custom/path/way ta'n: A n.m. blame/reproach/censure/chide talaaq: A n.f. divorce/repudiation talab: A n.f. search/inquiry//wish/demand/request taur: A n.m. manner/condition/mode/state toofaan: A n.m. storm/tempest/hurricane taiyyaar: A adj. ready

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zo-e ---- zaalim: A n.m. tyrant/oppressor zaahir: A adj. manifest/clear/evident zaahiraa: A adv. outwardly/manifestly zarif: A adj. witty/subtle/fine zafar: A n.m. victory/triumph/gain zulm: A n.m oppression/tyranny zann: A n.m. suspicion zaheer: A n.m. ally/associate

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ain --- 'aajiz: A adj. powerless/weak/helpless/dejected 'aadat: A n.f. custom/habit/usage/practice/manner 'aadil: A adj. just/sincere/righteous 'aazim: A adj. determined/resolute 'aashiq: A n.m. lover/suitor 'aaqibat: A n.f. end/conclusion/future life 'aaqibat: A adv. finally/at last 'aaqil: A adj. wise/sensible 'aalam: A n.m. world/universe/regions/public/beauty/period 'aalim: A adj. learned/wise/intelligent 'aali: A adj. high/sublime/exalted/grand 'aam: A adj. common/public/general/ordinary (plu. 'awaamm) 'ibaadat: A n.f. prayers/devotion 'ibaarat: A n.f. composition/style/diction 'abas: A adj. useless/profitless/trifling/idle 'abd: A n.m. slave/servant of God 'ibrat: A n.f. warning/admonition 'itaab: A n.m. rebuke/reproach/anger/displeasure 'ajab: A n.m. wonder/astonishment 'ajab: A adj. wonderful/amazing/strange/rare 'ajeeb: A adj. wonderful/surprising/rare/admirable/unique 'adaalat: A n.f. court of justice/tribunal/justice/law 'adam: A n.m. non-existence/nothing/annihilation 'azaab: A n.m. torment/pain/punishment 'arsh: A n.m. roof/canopy/highest heaven 'arz: A n.f. petition/request/exposition/review 'irfaan: A n.m. knowledge/science/wisdom 'urooj: A n.m. ascension/rising/exaltation 'uryaan: A n.m. naked/bare/devoid 'izzat: A n.f. honor/esteem/glory/reputation 'azeez: A adj. dear/beloved/honored/respected/worthy 'ishrat: A n.f. pleasure/enjoyment/mirth/society 'ishq: A n.m. love/excessive passion 'atr: A n.m. perfume 'atf: A n.m. kindness/favor/affection/present 'azeem: A adj. great/high in dignity/large 'iffat: A n.f. purity/chastity 'aql: A n.m. intellect/reason/knowledge 'uqoobat: A n.f. punishment/torment/torture 'ilaaj: A n.m. cure/treatment/antidote 'ilaaqah: A n.m. jurisdiction/area/tenure 'illat: A n.f. fault/defect/bad habit/illness/pretext/basis 'ilm: A n.m. knowledge/science/doctrine 'aleem: A adj. wise/learned 'imaarat: A n.f. building/edifice 'umr: A n.f. age/life-time/span of life 'amalan: A adv. practically/truly 'inaad: A n.m. enmity/obstinacy 'awaam: A n.m. populace/common people (plu. of 'aam) 'aurat: A n.f. woman/wife/nudity 'aiyaash: A adj. luxurious/rakish/addicted to pleasure 'aish: A n.m. pleasure/delight/luxury

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ghain ----- ghaalib: A adj. victorious/predominant ghaalib: A adv. often/likely/most probably ghaa'ib: A adj. hidden/absent ghubaar: A n.m. vapor/fog/mist/dust/vexation ghaddaar: A adj. disloyal/treacherous gharaz: A n.f. intention/meaning/design/view/want ghuroor: A n.m. pride/vanity gharib: A adj. poor/destitute/strange/innocent/wonderful ghazal: A n.f. ode/poem ghash: A n.m. stupor/fainting ghussah: A n.m. anger/passion/rage/anxiety/grief ghaflat: A n.f. negligence/drowsiness/stupor ghulaam: A n.m. slave/boy/youth ghalat: A adj. wrong/incorrect/inaccurate ghaleez: A adj. dirty/filthy/gross/coarse/obscene gham: A n.m. grief/sorrow/concern/care gham khwaar: adj. consoling gham deedah: adj. afflicted/grieved gham gusaar: n.m. comforter ghammaaz: A n.m. informer/tattletale/back-biting ghaur: A n.m. deep thought/meditation/close attention ghair: A n.m. stranger/foreigner ghair: A adv. besides ghair: A adj. other/different/alien/bad ghair: A prep. without/except/but/save ghairat: A n.f. honor/modesty/bashfulness/envy/enmity

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fe -- faakhir: A n.m. a boaster faash: P adj. apparent/known/notorious faasilah: A n.m. distance/space/separation faazil: A adj. superfluous/accomplished person/virtuous faaqah: A n.m. starvation/fasting/poverty faa'idah: A n.m. benefit/profit/utility faa'iq: A adj. superior/great fitnah: A n.m. sedition/revolt/mischief/temptation fatwaa: A n.m. judicial decree fakhr: A n.m. glory/honor/pride/egotism fida: A n.m. sacrifice/devotion/ransom/exchange fidaa'ee: A&P n.m. lover firaaq: A n.m. separation/anxiety/absence/distance firdaus: A n.m. garden/paradise farishtah: P n.m. angel/apostle/prophet/messenger fursat: A n.f. opportunity/leisure/rest/recovery farz: A n.m. duty/moral obligation/statute farq: A n.m. difference/distance/separation/defect furqat: A n.f. separation/disunion/absence (of lovers) farmaan: P n.m. mandate/order/royal decree farmaa'ish: P n.f. order for goods/requisition/pleasure/will faro: P adj. down/below/under faryaad: P n.f. complaint/cry fareb: P n.m. deceit/trick/fraud faza': A n.f. lamentation/wailing fasanah: P n.m. romance/tale/fable fazl: A n.m. excellence/virtue/reward/wisdom fitrat: A n.f. nature/creation/deceit/intrigue/wisdom fughaan.: P n.m. clamor/lamentation/cry of distress faqr: A n.m. poverty fikr: A n.m./f. opinion/notion/care/concern/anxiety/counsel figaar: P adj. wounded/sore/afflicted/confused falak: A n.m. sky/heaven/fortune/fate fuwaad: A n.m. the heart fauj: A n.f. army/crowd/multitude fauran: A adv. immediately/quickly/directly fahm: A n.m. understanding/intellect faisalah: A n.m. settlement/decree/decision faiz: A n.m. liberality/grace/bounty

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qaaf ---- qaabil: A adj. worthy/able/competent/deserving/clever qaaboo: P n.m. power/command/authority/possession/hold qaatil: A n.m. murderer/assassin/homicide qaazee: A n.m. judge qaa'idah: A n.m. custom/rule/manners/habit/established order qaafiyah: A n.m. rhyme/metre/cadence qaanoon: A n.m. rule/law/system/state qaa'il: A adj. confessing/agreeing/conceding/subdued qaa'im: A adj. erect/stagnant/firm/durable qabr: A n.f. grave/tomb qabzah: A n.m. gridp/clutch/possessing/power/hilt of a sword qubool: A n.m. consent/acceptance/assent/recognition qatl: A n.m. killing/murder/assassination qadd: A n.m. stature/size/height qadr: A n.f. dignity/honor/worth/value qudrat: A n.f. power/strength/universe/nature qadam: A n.m. step/pace/footstep qaraar: A n.m. residence/stability/rest/patience/satisfaction qurbaan: A n.m. sacrifice/victim/offering qarz: A n.m. debt/loan qareeb: A adj. near/adjacent/akin/approaching qasam: A n.m. an oath qism: A n.f. sort/kind/species/portion/nature qismat: A n.f. fortune/fate/share/portion/head/category qusoor: A n.m. fault/defect/blame/sin/failure qissah: A n.m. tale/fable/romance/quarrel/dispute qazaa: A n.f. fate/destiny/jurisdiction/judgement qafas: A n.m. cage/network/body qalb: A n.m. heart/mind/soul/intellect/marrow/pith qalam: A n.m. reed/pen/handwriting qamar: A n.m. the moon qaul: A n.m. word/saying/promise/consent/vow qaum: A n.m. nation/people qiyaamat: A n.f. resurrection/Judgement Day/tumult qaid: A n.f. imprisonment/confinement/obstacle/control qeemat: A n.m. price/value/woth/cost

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kaaf ---- kaatib: A n.m. scribe/writer kaazib: A adj. false kaar: P n.m. affair/work/labor/duty/profession kaarwaan: P n.m. caravan/large company of pilgrims kaasah: P n.m. cup/goblet/bowl kaash: P intj. would that ! kaashif: A adj. discoverer/revealer kaaghaz: P n.m. paper/letter/document kaafir: A n.m. infidel/sweetheart/mistress kaafir: A adj. impious/ungrateful kaafur: A n.m. camphor kaafi: P&A adj. sufficient/enough kaam: P n.m. palate/desire/object/purport/design/intention kaamraan: adj. successful/fortunate/happy/blessed kaam yaab: adj. prosperous/successfulhappy/satisfied kaahish: P n.f. anxiety/pining/decline/decay kaahil: A adj. lazy/slow/indolent/relaxed/tardy/ailing kabootar: P n.m. pigeon/dove kabeer: A adj. great/large/immense kitaab: A n.m. book/writing/despatch kasrat: A n.f abundance/excess/bulk kadah: P n.m. a place (usually a suff.) karam: A n.m. kindness/favor/bounty/clemency kareem: A adj. bountiful/generous/merciful/epithet of God kas: P n.m. man/person kasab: A n.m. profession/trade kasr: A n.f. breach/loss/affliction kasal: A n.m. laxity/cowardice/depression/sickness kiswat: A n.f. dress/appearance/habit/figure/form/manner kashaakash: P n.f. struggle/dilemma/contention/grief and pain kashti: P n.f. ship/boat/vessel/tray kashish: P n.f. drawing/attraction/allurement kufr: A n.m. paganism/infidelity/profanity kafan: A n.m. shroud kul: A adj. all/complete/entire/aggregate/universe kalaam: A n.m. discourse/oration/a work/composition/objection kam: P adj. deficient/few/little/rare/scanty kam bakht: adj. unfortunate/wretched kamzor: adj. weak/feeble/powerless kamaal: A n.m. excellence/perfection/miracle/art kamaan: P n.f. bow/arch/spring kamar: P n.f. waist/girdle/zone/army flank/arch kamee: P n.f. deficiency/loss/abatement/reduction/dearth kameenah: P adj. mean/vulgar/base/defective kinaarah: P n.m. shore/river bank/edge/margin/limit kandah: P adj. carved/engraved koshish: P n.f. attempt/endeavor/labor/exertion koft: P n.f. beating/pain/vexation/grief/gilding kaul: H n.m. mouthful/morsel koh: P n.m. mountain/hill kaif: A n.m. intoxication kaifiyyat: A n.f. narrative/circumstances/explanation/situation keenah: P n.m. malice/rancor/enmity

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gaaf ---- giraan.: P adj. precious/costly/dear/important/heavy gard: P n.f. trifle/dust gird: P n.m. round/circumference/environs girdaab: P n.m. whirlpool/abyss/vortex gardish: P n.f. revolution/circulation/misfortune/vagrancy gardan: P n.f. the neck giriftaar: P adj. captured/seized/smitten/prisoner/captivated garm: P adj. hot/burning/ardent/choleric/lively girau: P n.m. pledge/pawn girah: P n.f. knot/joint/knuckle giriyaan.: P adj. weeping/crying giryah: P n.m. weeping/lamentation/crying/plaint gaz: P n.m. a yard measure guzaarish: P n.f. petition/request/explanation guzaarah: P n.m. living/subsistence/passage/abode guzar: P n.f. a pass/a living/a road gazeedah: P adj. stung/bitten guzeedah: P adj. selected/chosen gusaar: P adj. taking away/dissipating/removing gustaakhee: P n.f. rudeness/arrogance/audacity guftgoo: P n.f. conversation/discourse gul: P n.m. rose/flower/ornament/brand gul badan: adj. delicate/graceful gul dastah: n.m. a bouquet gul zaar: n.m. flower-bed/garden gul sitaan.: n.m. rose-garden gulshan: n.m. a flower or rose garden gulaab: P n.m. the rose gilah: P n.m. complaint/blame/reproach/lamentation gum: P n.m. lost/missing/distracted gum raah: adj. astray/lost/wicked/depraved gum sum: adj. still/silent gum gashtah: adj. lost/wandering gum naam: adj. nameless/anonymous/unknown/inglorious gumaan: P n.m. doubt/surmise/fancy/pride/opinion/distrust gunaah: P n.m. fault/sin/crime/guilt gawaaraa: P adj. palatable/agreeable/pleasant/nice gawaah: P n.m. a witness gawaahee: P n.m. testimony/evidence gosh: P n.m. the ear goshah: P n.m. corner/angle/cell/privacy goyaa: P adj. speaking/eloquent geer: P adj. taking/holding/seizing/conquering gesoo: P n.m. tresses/locks gaihaan.: P n.m. the world/the universe

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laam ---- laa: A suff. no/not/by no means/without laa jawaab: adj. rendered speechless/silenced laa chaar: adj. helpless/destitute/forlorn/disabled laa waaris: adj. heirless laazim: A adj. necessary/compulsory/important laash: T n.f/m. corpse laa'iq: A adj. worthy/suitable/able/qualified/decent lab: P n.m. the lip/edge/margin/shore/bank laHzah: A n.m. the twinkling of an eye/moment/glance lazzat: A n.f. taste/flavor/enjoyment/pleasure larzaan.: P adj. termbling/tremulous/fearing lataafat: P n.f. pleasantness/elegance/subtility lutf: A n.m. kindness/favor/grace/pleasure latmah: A n.m. slap/blow lateefah: A n.m. pleasantry/witticism/joke lughat: A n.m. tongue/speech/dialect/word/dictionary lifaafah: A n.m. cover/envelope/wrapper/secret lafz: A n.m. word/saying luknat: A n.f. stammering/speech impediment lagaam: H n.f. bridle/rein lamHah: A n.m. minute/moment lang: P n.m. lameness/limp lan.gar: P n.m. anchor/cable/rope/public kitchen/alms lau: H n.f. candle flame/ardent desire/attachment lauH: A n.f. plank/board/table/tablet/title page liyaaqat: A n.f. worth/ability/merit/skill

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meem ---- maa: A adv. which/what/that which/whilst/during... maa ba'd: adj. following maa Haul: n.m. surroundings/environs maa faat: adj. what is past or dead maa waraa: adj. what is beyond or behind maatam: A n.m. mourning/grief maal: A n.m. riches/property/merchandise/revenue maalik: A n.m. master/lord/owner/God maani': A n.m. impediment/hinderance/objection/stopper maah: P n.m. the moon/month maah paaraa: adj. handsome/beloved maah taab: n.m. moonlight maah jabeen: adj. a beautiful person maah wash: adj. having a face as beautiful as the moon maahir: A adj. skilled/expert/master/excel maayoos: A adj. without hope/disappointed mubaarak: A adj. auspicious/blessed/felicitation mubaahaat A n.m. contending for glory/boasting/arrogance mubtada: A n.m. commencement/principle mutaassif: A adj. sorrowful/repentant/grieving mutabassim: A adj. smiling/laughing mutaHammil: A adj. affable/tolerant/patient/passive mutaraddid: A adj. hesitant/perplexed/wavering/grieved matrook: A adj. abandoned/obsolete/rejected muta'assib: A adj. prejudiced/partial/superstitious matwalaa: A adj. intoxicated/inebriated mutawaqqi': A adj. expecting/hopeful matin: A adj. strong/solid/vigorous/obstinate misaal: A adj. simile/likeness/metaphor/example masal: A n.f. proverb/example majaal: A n.f. power/strength/stability/opportunity majboor: A adj. compelled/helpless/oppressed mujrim: A adj. criminal/culpable/faulty mujrim: A n.m. felon/criminal/sinner majrooh: A adj. wounded/hurt/smitten majma': A n.m. congregation/assemblage/crowd/collection majnoon.: A adj. insane/madly in love muHaafiz: A n.m. protector/guardian/guard maHabbat: A n.f. love/friendship maHboob: A n.m. lover/friend/sweetheart maHboob: A adj. loved/lovely maHboobah: A n.f. mistress/sweetheart maHboos: A adj. confined/imprisoned muHtaj: A adj. needy/poor/defective maHjoob: A n.m. modesty/shame/bashfulness maHdood: A adj. limited/bounded/finite maHroom: A adj. deprived/unlucky/prohibited/disappointed moHzoon: A adj. grieved/vexed muHsin: A n.m. patron/benefactor maHsood: A adj. envied/hated maHsoos: A adj. felt/perceived/sensible maHzooz: A adj. pleased/delighted/rich/contented maHfil: A n.f. congregation/assembly maHfooz: A adj. kept safe/guarded/secure/memorized muHallah: A n.m. quarter(of a city)/street/ward miHnat: A n.f. labor/toil/difficulty/trial makhboot: A adj. mad/insane mukhtasar: A adj. concise/abbreviated makhmal: A n.m. velvet makhmoor: A adj. intoxicated/drunk madaar: A n.m. circumference/orbit/station/dependence mudaam: A adv. eternally/always/continually muddat: A n.f. period(of time) madad: A n.f. help/assistance/reinforcement/wages madhosh: A adj. intoxicated/astonished mazaaq: A n.m. joke/taste/relish/perception mazhab: A n.m. religion/sect/doctrine muraad: A n.f. desire/will/intention/vow/tenor/meaning martabah: A n.f./m. degree/office/class/order marhalah: A n.m. stage/inn/day's journey/difficulty marhoom: A adj. dead/deceased mard: P n.m. man/male/hero/husband murdah: P adj. dead/weak/decrepit murshid: A n.m. teacher/spiritual guide marghoob: A adj. desired/beautiful marqoom: A adj. written/inscribed marmar: G n.m. marble marham: A n.m. ointment/salve/cure mareez: A n.m. patient mizaaj: A n.m. mixture/temperament/humor/pride mazaar: A n.m. shrine/tomb/grave mazah: P n.m. taste/relish/enjoyment/pleasure musaafir: A n.m. traveller/stranger mast: P adj. drunk/intoxicated masroor: A adj. glad/cheerful/pleased mash'al: A n.f. torch/lantern mushkil: A adj. difficult/intricate/hard/painful mashhoor: A adj. noted/famous/reported/proclaimed museebat: A n.f. misfortune/calamity/adversity/evil mazboot: A adj. strong/firm/resolute/valid mutaqbiq: A adj. conformable/suitable/like/in accordance with matlab: A n.m. object/aim/meaning/motive/wish/desire mazloom: A adj. injure/oppressed/wronged mu'aahid: A n.m. ally/confederate mu'ijzah: A n.m. miracle ma'shooq: A n.m. beloved/sweetheart ma'loom: A adj. known/evident/clear ma'mool: A adj. governed/prepared/customary ma'nee: A n.m. meaning/intent/signifcance/reality/essence maghz: P n.m. brain/pith/intellect maghroor: A adj. proud/arrogant maghloob: A adj. conquered/subdued muft: P adj. free/gratis maftoon: A adj. tempted/enamored/charmed/mad (with love) muflis: A adj. poor/indigent/bankrupt maflook: A adj. indigent/beggarly/destitute mufeed: A adj. profitable/beneficial/useful muqaabil: A adj. opposite/converse/against/matching maqaal: A n.m. word/speech/saying/proverb maqaam: A n.m. dwelling/station/position/basis maqbarah: A n.m. tomb/grave maqbool: A adj. accepted/chosen/grateful muqaddar: A n.m. fate/destiny/predestination muqaddam: A adj. antecedent/prior/superior/chief muqir: A adj. confessing/admitting/acknowledging muqarrar: A adj. established/fixed/certain/customary/permanent maqsad: A n.m. intention/purpose/aim/goal/desire maqsood: A adj. intended/proposed makkaar: A adj. cunning/artful/deceitful makaan: A n.m. house/place/habitation mukaddar: A adj. turbid/muddy/sullen/gloomy/vexed mukarrar: A adv. repeatedly/again maknoon: A adj. hidden/concealed magar: P conj. unless/perhaps/except/but/however mulaazim: A n.m. servant/aide mulaaqaat: A n.f. meeting/encounter/interview/visit malaal: A n.m. sadness/grief/langor/fatigue malaamat: A n.f. censure/rebuke mulaa'im: A adj. soft/tender/gentle/placid mulk: A n.m. nation/realm/territory malool: A adj. sad/depressed/tired/bored mumtaaz: A adj. exalted/eminent/chosen mumkin: A adj. possible/feasible munaasib: A n.f. proper/suitable/fit/apt/congruous munHasir: A adj. surrounded/besieged/dependent/resting manzil: A n.f. day's journey/destination/storey/house manish: P n.f. heart/mind/soul/magnanimity/pride manzar: A n.m. countenance/visage/sight/aspect/scene manzoor: A adj. admired/chosen/approved/accepted/granted mana': A n.m. prohibition/refusal/hindrance/forbidding maut: A n.f. death/mortality mauj: A n.f. wave/surge/enjoyment/ecstasy/caprice/plenty moojib: A n.m. cause/reason maujood: A adj. present/existing/at hand/ready mausam: A n.m. season/time mauqa': A n.m. occasion/opportunity/place/situation mom: P n.m. wax mua'yyid: A adj. corroborative/confirmatory muhaajir: A n.m. refugee/emigrant mahtaab: P n.m. moonlight mihrbaani: P n.f. favor/kindness muhlat: A n.f. retarding/delay/respite/leisure mihmaan: P n.m. guest mai: P n.f. wine/liquor mai khaanah: n.m. bar/tavern mai kadah: n.m. bar/tavern maidaan: A n.m. open field/battlefield/ground muyassar: A adj. facilitated/easy/possible/feasible

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noon ---- naa: P&H pref. no/not/termination of the infinitive naa aashnaa: adj. not acquainted/stranger naa ittifaaqi: n.f. discord/disagreement naa ummeedee: n.f. hopelessness/despair naa insaafi: n.f. injustice naa bood: adj. nonexistent/annihilated/extinct naa paa'idari: n.f. inconstancy/frailty naa pasand: adj. disliked/unacceptable/offensive naa tars: adj. hard-hearted/severe/pitiless naa tamaam: adj. incomplete naa tawaani: n.f. weakness/inability naa jaa'iz: adj. unlawful naa chaar: adj. helpless/destitute/forlorn naa cheez: adj. trifling/insignificant/worthless naa khushi: n.f. disagreeableness/displeasure naa daari: n.f. poverty naa daanistah: adv. unwittingly/unknowingly naa daani: n.f. ignorance naa deedah: adj. greedy naa raasti: n.f. dishonesty naa raazi: n.f. discontent naa saaz: adj. indisposed/dissonant/uncivil naa samajh: adj. ignorant/dull/foolish naa shaad: adj. cheerless/joyless/dull naa shukr: adj. ungrateful naa shinaas: adj. ignorant naa saaf: adj. unclean/impure/unchaste naa saboor: adj. impatient/restless naa taaqat: adj. weak/feeble naa farmaan: adj. disobedient naa fahm: adj. stupid naa qaabil: adj. unfit/unworthy/incapable naa qadr: adj. unappreciative naa kaam: adj. unsuccessful naa kas: adj. worthless/base naa gawaar: adj. unpleasant/unpalatable naa laa'iq: adj. unworthy/unsuitable/improper naa muraad: adj. disappointed naa mard: adj. unmanly naa ma'loom: adj. unknown naa mumkin: adj. impossible naa manzoor: adj. disallowed naa yaab: adj. scarce/rare naataa: H n.m. relationship/alliance/kin/affinity naach: H n.m. dance naakhun: P n.m. nail/claw naadir: A adj. rare/singular/precious naadim: A adj. penitent/ashamed/bashful naar: A n.f. fire/hell naaz: P n.m. coquetry/airs/pride/elegance/softness/delicacy naazish: P n.f. pride/arrogance naazuk: P adj. thin/slender/fragile/delicate naasoot: A n.m. humanity/human nature naafiz: A adj. having effect/piercing naak: P suff. affected with/full of naalaan: P adj. lamenting/moaning naalish: P n.f. complaint/accusation naam: P n.m. name/title/honor/fame/ naamah: P n.m. treatise/book/history naa'o: H n.f. boat/ship/vessel naa-onosh: P n.m. carousing/feasting naa'ib: A n.m assistant/deputy nabz: A n.f. the pulse nabi: A n.m. a prophet nataa'ij: A n.m. results/consequences (plu. of nateejah) nateejaa: A n.m. result nisaar: A n.m. throwing/dispersion/scattering/sacrifice najm: A n.m. star/planet/fortune/horoscope najeeb: A adj. praiseworthy/noble/generous nakhraah: A n.m. airr/coquetry/trick/pretence/swagger nadeem: A n.m. intimate friend nar: S&P n.m. man/male niraalee H adj. unequalled/rare/strange nargis: P n.f. Narcissus/the eye of a mistress narm: P adj. smooth/tender/soft/slow nazaakat: P n.f. neatness/elegance/politeness nazdeek: P adj. near nisbat: A n.f relation/affinity/attribute/comparison naseem: A n.f. Zephyr/gentle breeze nishaan: P n.m. mark/sign/signal/emblem/target/scar/trace nishaanee: P n.f. mark/sign/souvenir/keepsake nashaah: P n.m. intoxication/pride/arrogance nasheen: P adj. sitting nusrat: A n.f. victory naseeb: A n.m. fortune/fate/destiny naseeHat: A n.f. advice/counsel/admonition nazaarah: A n.m. sight/view/vista nazaafat: A n.f. purity/neatness nizaam: A n.m. order/arrangement/custom/system nazar: A n.f. look/glance/favor/motive/view/countenance nazm: A n.f. poetry/verse nazm: A n.m. order/arangement na'sh: A n.f. coffin/corpse/bier ni'am: A n.f. favors/benefits na'eem: A n.f. pleasure/ease/tranquility naghmaah: A n.m. melody/song/musical note nafrat: A n.f. aversion/disgust/fright/terror nafs: A n.m. soul/spirit/essence naqsh: A n.m. painting/picture/map/mark naqshah: A n.m. portrait/model/design/example nuqsaan: A n.m. loss naql: A n.f. narration/tale/mimicing/copying/aping naqli: A adj. artificial/spurious/counterfiet nikaah: A n.m. matrimony nakbat: A n.f. calamity/misfortune nuktah: A n.m. subtlety conceit/point of wit/epigram nuktah been: adj. hypercritical nuktah cheen: adj. captious nuktah daan: adj. sagacious nigaar: P n.m. painting/picture/sweetheart/beloved nigaah: P n.f. look/glance/sight/custody/care nigaah baan: n.m. protector/guard nam: P n.m. moisture/wetness/dampness nam: P adj. moist/wet/damp namaaz: A n.f. prayer numaa'ish: P n.f. show/display/sight/spectacle namoonah: P n.m. example/sample/specimen nau: P adj. new/fresh/raw nau bahaar: n.f. early spring nau jawaani: n.f. youth/prime of life nau nihaal: n.m. sapling/young man nawaazish: P n.f. kindness/favor/patronage naubat: A n.f. turn/time noor: A n.m light nihaal: P n.m sapling nihaan.: P n.m latent/hidden/secret/ niyaaz: P n.f. desire/plea/poverty/need niyyat: A n.f. intention/purpose/will/aim nek: P adj. good/lucky/virtuous/pious neelaam: (Port.) n.m. auction nim: P adj. middle/half niyoosh: P adj. listening/hearing

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vaa-o ----- o: P conj. and waa: P adj. open waa: P adv. again/back waa: P prep. with waa bastah: adj. bound together/attached waa pas: adj. behind/back/returning again waa rastah: adj. free/delivered/escaped/carefree waa sokht: n.m. aversion/disgust waasiq: A adj. strong/firm/confident/secure waajib: A adj. necessary/obligatory waajibaat: A n.m. duties (plu. of waajib) waajid: A adj. possessor/creator waahid: A adj. unique/one/single/unit waar: H n.m. blow/attack/stroke waar: P suff. like/resembling/possessing waar: S n.m. day of the week/moment waaris: A n.m. heir waarid: A adj. coming/arriving/happening waaridaat: A adj. events/occurences (plu. of waarid) waastah: A n.m. account/sake/reason/means/motive waaste: A prep. for/for the sake of waazih: A adj. clear/evident/apparent waaqi': A adj. occuring/happening waaqi'i: A adv. really/actually/truly waaqi'i: A adj. true/real/proper waalid: A n.m. father waalidah: A n.f. mother waalah: A adj. distracted/mad with love waan: H suff. possessing/endowed with waahimah: A n.m. imagination/fancy/whim wajaahat: A n.f. dignity/respect/beauty wajd: A n.m. ecstasy/rapture/excessive love wijdaan: A n.m. ecstasy/rapture/intuition wujood: A n.m. existence/essence/being waj-h: A n.m. cause/reason/mode/manner/face/appearance wajeeh: A n.m. handsome/respectable/good appearance waHshat: A n.f. solitude/grief/fear/sadness/loneliness waHeed: A adj. singular/unique/alone widaad: A n.f. friendship/love/affection widaa': A n.m. farewell wadood: A adj. loving/friendly war: P suff. possessing/having warnah: P adv. and if not/otherwise wazn: A n.m. weight/measure/metre/rhyme/esteem/honor waseem: A adj. handsome/fine countenance wash: P suff. like/resembling wasf: A n.m. praise/merit/virtue wusool: A n.m. collection/acquisition wasiyyat: A n.f. testament/last will/legacy/bequest wazaahat: A n.f. vivid description waza': A n.f. state/position/situation watan: A n.m. native country wa'dah: A n.m. promise/agreement waghairah: A adv. et cetera/and so forth wafaa: A n.f. fulfilling a promise/fulfilment/fidelity wafaa begaanah: adj. faithless wafaa daar: adj. faithful/sincere wafaat: A n.f. death waqt: A n.m. time/term/season/hour/opportunity waqf: A n.m. religious bequest wakaalat: A n.f. advocacy/attorneyship wakeel: A n.m. lawyer/attorney wilaayat: A n.f. a foreign country/abroad/realm/union with God walee: A n.m. lord/prince/master/friend/guardian wahm: A n.m. imagination/idea/fancy/opinion/fear/suspicion wairaagi: S n.m. ascetic/recluse weeraan: P adj. desolate/ruined weeraanah: P n.m. a ruined place weeraani: P n.f. desolation/destruction/ruin

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chhoTi he --------- haatif: P n.m. angel/voice from heaven haath: H n.m. hand/arm/clutches/power/slap/reach haadi: A n.m. guide/leader/director haar: S&P n.m. necklace/garland haar: H n.f. loss/defeat/fatigue haalah: A n.m. halo/nimbus/circle round the moon haamoon: P n.m. desert/plain/level ground haawiyah: A n.m. the lowest region of hell haa'ilah A adj. terrible/horrible huboot: A n.m. decline/downfall/descent hibah: A n.m. gift/bequest/grant hatauRa: H n.m. sledgehammer hatauRee: H n.f. small hammer hathyaar: H n.f. tool/weapon hathelee: H n.f. palm of the hand hijr: A n.m. separation/absence from one's country hijrat: A n.f. separation/flight (flight of the Prophet from Mecca to Medina) hujoom: A n.m. crowd/mob/tumult/assault/attack hidaayat: A n.f. instruction/guidance/righteousness hadaf: A n.m. target/goal/object hazaa: A pron. this har: P adj. all/every/each har ek: adj. every one har baar: adv. every time har jaa'ee: adj. vagabond/faithless har dam: adv. every moment hiraas: P n.m. fear/terror/confusion/sorrow/disappointment harj: A n.m. tumult/sedition/trouble/loss/harm/injury harzah: P adj. nonsense/absurd/frivolous/vain hargiz: P adv. ever/never haryaalee: H n.f. greeness/freshness/grass hazl: A n.m. joke/jest/pleasantries hasti: P n.f. life/existence hushyaar: P adj. intelligent/alert/awake haftah: P n.m. a week hakaazah: A adv. similarly halaak: A adj. ruined/destroyed halaak: A n.f. ruin/destruction/slaughter/death hilaal: A n.m. new moon/the crescent ham: P conj. also/likewise/together/with/similar & adv. ham bazm: adj. of the same society ham batn: adj. related by blood ham batn: n.m. blood-relation/close ally ham taa: adj. equal/alike ham jalees: adj. close friend & n.m. ham jolee: n.f. playmate/equal/peer/friend & n.m. ham dard: n.f. sympathizer/partner in adversity ham raaz: adj. confidant ham raah: n.m. fellow-traveller ham zabaan.: adj. unanimous/of the same language ham saaz: adj. friendly/unanimous ham saayah: n.m. neighbor ham safar: n.m. fellow-traveller ham mazhab: adj. coreligionist ham nasheen: n.m. playmate/associate humaa: P n.m. eagle/phoenix/bird of Paradise humaayun: P adj. august/royal/fortunate himmat: A n.f. spirit/mind/courage/desire/design hameshaah: P adv. always han.gaam: P n.m. season/time/period han.gaamah: P n.m. tumult/riot/uproar/confusion/disorder hawaa: A n.f. wind/breeze/air/atmosphere hawas: A n.f. ambition/desire/lust hosh: P n.m. sense/mind/understanding haul: A n.m. terror/horror/fright hunar: P n.m. skill/art heeraa: H n.m. diamond hai'at: A n.f. astronomy/face/figure;commission/delegation

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chhoTi ye/baRi ye ----------------- yaa: A intj. O! yaa: P conj. either/or yaad: P n.f. remembrance/memory/recollection yaad daasht: n.f. a note/memorandum/memory yaad gaar: memorial/souvenir/keepsake yaar: P n.m. friend/lover/companion yaaraa: P n.m. strength/courage/power yaaraanah: P n.m. friendship yaaraanah: P adv. friendly yaari: P n.f. friendship/assistance/love/intrigue yaas: A n.f. despair/fear/terror yaaghi: T n.m. rebel/enemy yaaqoot: P n.m. ruby/garnet yaawar: P adj. aiding/friendly yaawar: P n.m. assistant/companion/friend yaawari: P n.f. favor/assistance/friendship yaawah: P adj. absurd/vain/futile/lost/ruined yataamaa: A n.m. orphans (plu. of yateem) yateem: A n.m. orphan yad: A n.m. hand/power/authority/protection/succor yazdaan: P n.m. God yasaar: A n.m. left/left hand; affluence/opulence ya'ni: A adv. namely/that is to say yaqin: A n.m. certainity/assurance/truth/confidence/trust yaqinan: adv. certainly/verily/assuredly/indeed yak: P adj. one/a/an yak jaan: adj. one soul yak dil: adj. unanimous yak rukhee: adj. one-sided yak zabaan: adj. uniform opinion or speech yak sar: adj. all at once yak soo: adj. on one side/aside yak lakht: adv. all at once/suddenly yaktaa: P adj. single/unique/matchless/incomparable yagaanah: P n.m. kinsman/kindred yagaanah: P adj. unique/single/sole/agreed/unequalled yumn: A n.m. felicity/prosperity/good luck yamin: A n.m. right hand; oath yoorish: T n.f. assault/storm/invasion yaum: A n.m. a day

(TAMAAM)

-- Cheers -V.C.Tirumalai tirumala@cae.wisc.edu